TopDB
Disease

    Early Blight :

    Disease ID : ToPDB_DD017

    Summary :

    Introduction : Early blight also known as target spot disease is a fungal plant disease. It cause a serious loss of leaves in some seasons and responsible for most of the defoliation that occurs on field tomatoes.

    Pathogen cause : Alternaria solani

    Host distribution : Agave sisalana , Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum lycopersicum

    Sign and Symptoms:

    Early blight also affects stems and fruit, Circular dark brown to black spots of various sizes appear on the leaves. The spots, about 1 cm in diameter, are readily recognized by the concentric rings, or zonations, from which the name target spot was derived. When these spots occur around the margin of a leaf, their symmetrical ring-like appearance is often lost in the uneven outline of the edge of the leaf. Early blight appears as black lesions, which subsequently enlarge and elongate on the stalks, branches, and fruit pedicels, sometimes girdling them. Unlike septoria leaf spot, the centre of the lesion remains dark. These enlarged lesions are referred to as collar rot when they occur on the stems. Large black leathery sunken areas are produced on the fruit. These areas generally start around the fruit pedicel or in some small wound or crack, rapidly becoming enlarged.

    Etiology:

    The fungus occasionally attacks fruit at the stem end, causing large, sunken areas with concentric rings and a black, velvety appearance . Warm, wet weather favors rapid spread of early blight.

    Gene(s) Resposible for Disease:

    Gene ID :NA

    Control:

    Biocontrol: Arbuscular mycorrhiza

    Chemical control: Boscalid, azoxystrobin and difenoconazole

    Bibliography :